EU AI Act Entered Into Force

The EU AI Act establishes a risk-based regulatory framework:

• Unacceptable risk (banned): Social scoring, real-time biometric surveillance in public spaces (with exceptions)
• High risk (strict requirements): AI in critical infrastructure, education, employment, law enforcement
• Limited risk (transparency): Chatbots, deepfakes must be disclosed
• Minimal risk (no restrictions): Most AI applications

Key provisions for frontier AI:

• General-purpose AI models must meet transparency requirements
• Models with “systemic risk” face additional obligations including adversarial testing
• Penalties up to 7% of global annual turnover

The Act provides a stark contrast to the UK’s voluntary, non-legislative approach.